Colon Cancer Clinical Trial
Azacitidine and Entinostat in Treating Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Summary
This phase II trial is studying how well giving azacitidine together with entinostat works in treating patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as azacitidine, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Entinostat may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Giving azacitidine together with entinostat may kill more tumor cells.
Full Description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
I. To determine the preliminary efficacy via Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) response rate of the combination of azacitidine and entinostat in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. Explore the effects of azacitidine and entinostat on time to progression in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
II. To assess the toxicity for combination azacitidine and entinostat therapy.
TERTIARY OBJECTIVES:
I. Evaluate changes in promoter methylation of selected genes from DNA in circulating serum samples.
II. To determine changes in histone deacetylase activity and acetylation of H3 and H4 histones in pre- and post-treatment tumor biopsies.
III. To evaluate correlations between these molecular effects and clinical outcomes (response, time to progression).
IV. To correlate response rates by RECIST criteria versus response rates determined be EASL (change in tumor enhancement).
OUTLINE: This is a multicenter study.
Patients receive azacitidine subcutaneously on days 1-5 and 8-10 and oral entinostat on days 3 and 10. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
Blood and tumor tissue samples are collected at baseline and periodically during courses 1-3 for DNA methylation, histone deacetylation activity, and acetylation of H3 and H4 histones analysis by PCR, western blot, and RT-PCR assays. Pharmacogenomic studies may also be conducted.
After completion of study therapy, patients are followed up every 3-6 months for up to 3 years.
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
Histologically confirmed metastatic colorectal cancer
Measurable disease
Patient has failed ≥ 2 prior chemotherapy regimens
Not a candidate for curative resection
No CNS metastases within ≤ 2 years
Treatment for brain metastasis and whole brain disease that has remained stable for > 3 months allowed
Patients who have not been treated with steroid therapy may be allowed
ECOG performance status 0-1
Life expectancy ≥ 12 weeks
Leukocytes ≥ 3,000/mm^3
ANC ≥ 1,500/mm^3
Platelet count ≥ 100,000/mm^3
Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
AST and ALT ≤ 2.5 times ULN
Creatinine normal OR creatinine clearance ≥ 60 mL/min
Negative pregnancy test
Not pregnant or nursing
Fertile patients must use effective contraception
Sensory neuropathy ≤ grade 2 allowed
Willing to provide tissue and blood samples
No history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to entinostat, azacitidine, mannitol, or other agents used in the study
No uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, any of the following:
Ongoing or active infection
NYHA class II-IV symptomatic congestive heart failure
Unstable angina pectoris
Cardiac arrhythmia
Psychiatric illness and/or social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
No history of severe bleeding without thrombocytopenia
No concurrent radiotherapy including palliative treatment
Toxicities from prior therapy have resolved to ≤ grade 1
More than 4 weeks since prior chemotherapy (> 6 weeks for nitrosoureas or mitomycin C)
More than 4 weeks since prior major surgical procedure
No prior histone deacetylase inhibitors (including valproic acid) or demethylating agents
No concurrent investigational agents
No concurrent combination antiretroviral therapy in HIV-positive patients
No concurrent investigational or commercial anticancer agents or therapies
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There are 13 Locations for this study
Scottsdale Arizona, 85259, United States
Los Angeles California, 90033, United States
Jacksonville Florida, 32224, United States
Baltimore Maryland, 21287, United States
Detroit Michigan, 48201, United States
Maplewood Minnesota, 55109, United States
Rochester Minnesota, 55905, United States
Saint Louis Park Minnesota, 55416, United States
Saint Paul Minnesota, 55102, United States
Stillwater Minnesota, 55082, United States
Saint Louis Missouri, 63110, United States
Pittsburgh Pennsylvania, 15232, United States
Pittsburgh Pennsylvania, 15232, United States
Madison Wisconsin, 53792, United States
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