Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for Kidney Cancer Subtyping and Staging

Inclusion Criteria:

A suspected diagnosis of kidney cancer with a solid or partially solid lesion and planned surgical nephrectomy within 3 months before surgery
Able to provide informed consent
Willing to comply with protocol requirements
At least 18 years of age

Exclusion Criteria:

Critically ill or medically unstable or in an intensive care setting and whose critical course during a potential observation period would be unpredictable
Known hypersensitivity to sulfur hexafluoride or to any component of perflutren lipid (Definity®) or sulfur hexafluoride (Lumason®)
Right to left shunt, severe pulmonary hypertension (Pulmonary artery pressure >90mmHg), or adult respiratory distress syndrome
Has any other medical condition or other circumstances that would significantly decrease the chances of obtaining reliable data or of achieving the study objectives

Unstable cardiopulmonary disease including any of the following:

Severe congestive heart failure (class IV in accordance with the classification of the New York Heart Association)
Unstable angina
Symptomatic arrhythmia (i.e. tachycardia, bradycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, atrial flutter or fibrillation)
Myocardial infarction within 14 days prior to the date of proposed microbubble administration.
Any woman who is pregnant or has reason to believe she is pregnant (the possibility of pregnancy has to be excluded by negative urine β-HCG results, obtained the same day as the CEUS, or on the basis of patient history, e.g.: tubal ligation, hysterectomy or a minimum of 1 year without menses)
Obesity that limits obtainment of acceptable images