Prostate Cancer Clinical Trial
Lycopene or Omega-3 Fatty Acid Nutritional Supplements in Treating Patients With Stage I or Stage II Prostate Cancer
Summary
RATIONALE: The use of lycopene, a substance found in tomatoes, or omega-3 fatty acid nutritional supplements may keep cancer from growing in patients with prostate cancer.
PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying lycopene to see how well it works compared to omega-3 fatty acids or a placebo in treating patients with stage I or stage II prostate cancer.
Full Description
OBJECTIVES:
Primary
Compare gene expression in normal prostate tissue (at baseline and after treatment) of patients with stage I or II adenocarcinoma of the prostate treated with lycopene vs omega-3 fatty acid nutritional supplements vs placebo.
Secondary
Determine new candidate molecular targets for lycopene and omega-3 response pathways.
Correlate baseline gene expression patterns, determined by cDNA array analysis, with self-reported dietary intake.
Correlate gene expression patterns with progression or lack of progression at 12 months after study entry.
Determine if lycopene or omega-3 supplements affect the incidence of tumor progression.
OUTLINE: This is a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Patients are stratified according to dietary intake of tomato and fish (low tomato [< 4 servings/week], low fish [< 2 servings/week] vs low tomato, high fish [≥ 2 servings/week] vs high tomato [≥ 4 servings/week], low fish vs high tomato, high fish). Patients are randomized to 1 of 3 treatment arms.
Arm I: Patients maintain normal diet and receive oral omega-3 fatty acids placebo 3 times daily and lycopene placebo twice daily.
Arm II: Patients receive oral lycopene twice daily and oral omega-3 fatty acids placebo 3 times daily.
Arm III: Patients receive oral lycopene placebo twice daily and oral omega-3 fatty acids 3 times daily.
In all arms, treatment continues for up to 90 days or until post-treatment biopsy is scheduled (a maximum of 104 days) in the absence of disease progression.
Patients complete a dietary questionnaire at baseline and then for 3 days each month during study therapy. Quality of life is assessed at baseline and at 3 months.
Prostate tissue needle biopsies and blood samples are collected at baseline and at 3 months. Tissue and blood samples are examined for lycopene and omega-3 fatty acids (treatment compliance), omega-6 fatty acids, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF binding protein-5, and cyclooxygenase-2 gene by polymerase chain reaction, cDNA microarray hybridization, and other gene expression assays.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed every 3 months for 2 years.
PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 114 patients will be enrolled in this study.
Eligibility Criteria
DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:
Histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate meeting the following criteria:
Newly diagnosed disease
Small cell acinar type
Gleason score ≤ 6 with no pattern 4 or 5 histology
Gleason pattern 4 seen as a microfocus (< 2 mm in length) allowed
Stage I-II (T1 or T2a) disease
Must have had an extended pattern biopsy (defined as 8+ cores) within the past 2 years
Patients meeting all of the eligibility criteria except for the aforementioned extended pattern biopsy within the past two years may enroll in the study if they have an extended pattern clinical biopsy scheduled no more than 6 weeks before beginning study treatment AND are willing to have an additional 4 biopsy cores
No more than 33% of biopsy cores positive
33% or more of biopsy cores positive due to microfoci of adenocarcinoma allowed
No more than 50% of the length of a tumor core involved by carcinoma
Watchful waiting planned as primary treatment strategy
Must have 3 serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level readings taken ≥ 2 weeks apart over the past year
PSA ≤ 10.0 ng/mL
PSA < 15 ng/mL in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostatitis allowed
PSA doubling time ≥ 3 months
PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:
Life expectancy ≥ 3 months
ECOG performance status 0-2
No history of allergic reactions attributed to tomatoes, fish, soybean oil, gelatin capsules, or compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to lycopene (carotenoids) or fish oil (omega-3 fatty acids)
No uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, the following:
Ongoing or active infection
Symptomatic congestive heart failure
Unstable angina pectoris
Cardiac arrhythmia
Psychiatric illness or social situations that would limit study compliance
PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:
No prior or concurrent treatment for prostate cancer, including surgery, radiation, hormonal therapy (e.g., leuprolide acetate, bicalutamide, flutamide, goserelin, megestrol, nilutamide, diethylstilbestrol/estrogen), chemotherapy, PC-SPES, or investigational agents
More than 4 weeks since prior and no concurrent lycopene, fish oil (omega-3 fatty acids), or any other preparation intended to supplement levels of omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids
More than 4 weeks since prior and no concurrent finasteride, dutasteride, saw palmetto or any other herbal/nutritional preparation indicated to affect hormone levels
More than 1 month since prior nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, and/or aspirin for > 7 days duration
No concurrent NSAIDs, COX-2 inhibitors, or aspirin
Check Your Eligibility
Let’s see if you might be eligible for this study.
What is your age and gender ?
There is 1 Location for this study
San Francisco California, 94115, United States
How clear is this clinincal trial information?
Please confirm you are a US based health care provider:
Yes, I am a health care Provider No, I am not a health care providerSign Up Now.
Take Control of Your Disease Journey.
Sign up now for expert patient guides, personalized treatment options, and cutting-edge insights that can help you push for the best care plan.