Selinexor and Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients with relapsed or refractory AML; Cohort A patients must be < 60 years of age and have failed at least one prior induction regimen for AML; Cohort B patients must be ≥ 60 years of age, unfit for intensive therapy (physician opinion), and have failed an induction regimen for AML. The maximum number of prior lines of induction for both cohorts is 3
Patients with secondary AML or therapy related disease (t-AML) are eligible
If the patient has co-morbid medical illness, life expectancy attributed to this must be greater than 6 months
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status =< 2
Total bilirubin < 2.0 mg/dL, except when patient is known to have Gilbert's Syndrome, the total bilirubin can be ≤3.0 mg/dL.
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) < 2.5 X institutional upper limit of normal
Creatinine (Cr) clearance > 50 mL/min by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) calculation
New York Heart Association (NYHA) congestive heart failure (CHF) class II or better
Cardiac ejection fraction >= 50%
Female patients of child-bearing potential must agree to use dual methods of contraception and have a negative serum pregnancy test at screening, and male patients must use an effective barrier method of contraception if sexually active with a female of child-bearing potential; acceptable methods of contraception are condoms with contraceptive foam, oral, implantable or injectable contraceptives, contraceptive patch, intrauterine device, diaphragm with spermicidal gel, or a sexual partner who is surgically sterilized or post-menopausal; for both male and female patients, effective methods of contraception must be used throughout the study and for three months following the last dose
Ability to understand and willingness to sign the written informed consent document

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients who have had chemotherapy or radiotherapy within 2 weeks (6 weeks for nitrosoureas or mitomycin C) prior to entering the study
Patients receiving any other investigational agents or patients that have received other investigational agents within 14 days of enrollment
Patients with active central nervous system (CNS) malignancy; asymptomatic small lesions are not considered active; treated lesions may be considered inactive if they are stable for at least 3 months; patients with malignant cells in their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) without CNS symptoms may be included
Major surgery within 2 weeks before day 1
Uncontrolled active infection; patients with infection requiring parenteral antibiotics are eligible if the infection is controlled
Patients with significantly diseased or obstructed gastrointestinal tract or uncontrolled vomiting or diarrhea
History of seizures, movement disorders or cerebrovascular accident within the past 3 years prior to cycle 1 day 1
Patients with macular degeneration, uncontrolled glaucoma, or markedly decreased visual acuity
Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, symptomatic congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA) class III or IV), unstable angina pectoris, myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to enrollment, severe uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmias, or electrocardiographic evidence of acute ischemia or active conduction system abnormalities; prior to study entry, any electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormality at screening has to be documented by the investigator as not medically relevant
Patients with serious medical or psychiatric illness likely to interfere with participation in this clinical study
Pregnant women or women who are breastfeeding are excluded from this study; confirmation that the subject is not pregnant must be established by a negative serum beta (β)-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) pregnancy test result obtained during screening; pregnancy testing is not required for post-menopausal or surgically sterilized women
Patients with advanced malignant solid tumors
Patients whom, in the opinion of the investigators, are significantly below their ideal body weight
Patients who are not able to swallow capsules or tablets