Living With Metastatic Melanoma
- Reality TV star Teddi Mellencamp, 45, is looking ahead with hope as she enters the final nine months of treatment for stage 4 melanoma after the cancer spread to her brain and lungs. After 17 surgeries, brain surgery, radiation and ongoing immunotherapy, she’s focused on healing while encouraging others to prioritize skin cancer screenings.
- Melanoma is considered one of the most dangerous forms of skin cancer because of its ability to spread to other parts of the body. It starts in the cells that give your skin, hair, and eyes their color. The cells change, which allows them to spread to other organs.
- “Immunotherapy is rather unique in that for the first time, we’re getting truly curative therapies in many kinds of disease,” immunotherapy research pioneer Dr. James (Jim) Allison at MD Anderson Cancer Center explained to SurvivorNet.
- If you have a skin cancer screening coming up or have recently had one, you may have questions you want answered. SurvivorNet’s proprietary AI tool “My Health Questions” is designed specifically for patients and caregivers.
Mellencamp was first diagnosed with stage 2 melanoma back in 2022. By 2025, it had advanced to stage 4, spreading to her brain and lungs and requiring brain surgery, radiation, and immunotherapy. That treatment paid off—and by late 2025, her tumors had shrunk or disappeared, and doctors were optimistic about her recovery.
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Mellencamp has undergone 17 surgeries as part of her skin cancer battle and continues to receive regular immunotherapy treatments.
Back on Mellencamp’s July 1 birthday, she took to social media to share a photo of herself as a child, writing, “Happy Birthday to me! I made it until 45 but not without the help of my friends, family, surgeons, doctors, nurses and all the support from you here.
“I apologize in advance to anyone who texts, calls or messages that I don’t respond to. I am so grateful to all of you and dare I say, praying this is best year yet.”
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In an earlier conversation this summer, with Cure Today, Mellencamp admitted her cancer journey hasn’t been easy.
She wrote, next to footage of her interview, “Some days I wake up and feel like I can run. Some days I need helping getting in and out of bed. I don’t think there’s any ‘right’ way to do this whole cancer thing, but I am really trying to be kind to myself while also being realistic.
“Some days I just need to laugh and have a good time and some days I just need a good cry. So I want to thank anyone who has contributed to the laughs and been there through the tears.”
Expert Resources for Metastatic Melanoma Patients
- Blood Test Could Predict the Best Type of Treatment for Metastatic Melanoma
- Exciting Progress for Difficult-to-Treat Advanced Melanoma — What to Know About Biologic Drug Brenetafusp
- The Genetic Mutation That Drives Many Metastatic Melanomas
- A Melanoma Vaccine for Metastatic Patients
- ‘A Game Changer’: New Combination Immunotherapy for Advanced Melanoma Offers More Options For Patients
During her interview, she also stressed the importance of spreading awareness.
“If even one person goes and gets checked, I’m doing something right,” she said, later adding, “When you can be authentic and vulnerable it really changes lives.”
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Teddi’s Ongoing Cancer Journey
Mellencamp has undergone several biopsies and surgeries for her skin cancer. When it spread to her brain, the gravity of her diagnosis grew stronger.
“She has 10 lesions in her brain … even though the lesions are not cancerous right now, they still interrupt her thinking, and it’s in her frontal lobe,” John Mellencamp, Teddi’s father, told People Magazine in an earlier interview.
In November 2025, Teddi shared a hopeful update: her scans showed “no detectable cancer.”
“At this point, there is no detectable cancer,” she told RadarOnline. But her father emphasized that the journey is far from over. “That doesn’t mean she’s home free… she has to keep on this treatment for who knows how many years,” he said.
Teddi has been undergoing immunotherapy, a treatment often described as a “living drug” because it retrains the body’s own immune system to attack cancer cells. While it has been effective, she has been candid about the toll it takes.
Dermatologist Dr. Cecilia Larocca of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute told SurvivorNet that immunotherapy transformed melanoma care.
WATCH: The Side Effects of Immunotherapy.
“When immunotherapy came on the market, it was such an exciting time for everyone involved in the care of melanoma… it went from this scary, unmanageable cancer with no treatments to one that could potentially have a long-lasting result,” explained Dr. Cecilia Larocca, dermatologist at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, in an interview with SurvivorNet.
Still, side effects are common and can include fatigue, nausea, joint pain, and changes in blood counts. In rare cases, patients may experience severe reactions that require stopping treatment.
Although other forms of treatment, including immunotherapy, are treatment options depending on the patient’s specific diagnosis, Dr. Nima Gharavi, Director of Dermatologic Surgery at Cedars-Sinai, says, “The gold standard for treatment of melanoma is surgical treatment with wide margins.”
Immunotherapy Side Effects During Treatment for Melanoma
A recent study published in JAMA Oncology is shedding light on the long-term side effects of immunotherapy in melanoma patients—revealing that chronic complications may be more widespread than previously thought.
“Chronic and long-lasting side effects were more common than we expected and involved a variety of often overlooked organs like the thyroid, salivary glands, and joints,” said Dr. Douglas Johnson, senior author of the study and associate professor of medicine at Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
WATCH: Tell Your Doctor About Immunotherapy Side Effects
Despite the findings, Dr. Johnson emphasized the groundbreaking nature of immunotherapy, especially anti-PD-1 drugs. “It has been an absolute game-changer for patients with melanoma,” he noted. “I think the first thing to recognize is how really transformative the Anti-PD-1 drugs have been… patients can have very long-term responses to treatment.”
Still, for patients with advanced melanoma—especially those who’ve undergone surgical removal and have a low risk of recurrence—Dr. Johnson advised more nuanced conversations around treatment. “So determining whether the risks of the side effects, weighing the benefits of treatment with the risks of the side effects, can be an important consideration,” he said. “What our study did was we basically saw that some of these side effects were more common, really, than had been previously reported.”
Reported side effects can range from mild to severe, including dry throat, inflammation of the eye blood vessels, numbness, or tingling. And for many, the decision comes down to weighing symptom severity with potential longevity benefits.
WATCH: Managing Immunotherapy side effects.
Dr. Anna Pavlick, another expert in melanoma care, added context around immunotherapy management. “Depending upon the severity, it depends upon how we manage it,” she said.
“The percentage of patients who have very serious side effects from immunotherapy is contingent upon whether patients will get one medicine or a combination of two medicines.”
She explained that patients receiving a single immunotherapy drug face a 10–15% chance of experiencing severe reactions like rash or diarrhea. But for patients with metastatic melanoma, a dual-drug regimen—though more effective at controlling the cancer—comes with about a 50% chance of developing side effects.
FDA-Approved Immunotherapy for Melanoma
There are several FDA-approved immunotherapies for melanoma. Each is approved for certain instances of melanoma.
- Tebentafusp-tebn (Kimmtrak)
- Aldesleukin (Proleukin)
- Atezolizumab (Tecentriq)
- Dostarlimab (Jemperli)
- Interferon alfa-2b (Intron A)
- Ipilimumab (Yervoy)
- Nivolumab (Opdivo)
- Peginterferon alfa-2b (Sylatron/PEG-Intron)
- Pembrolizumab (Keytruda)
- Talimogene laherparepvec (Imlygic)
- Imiquimod (Aldara)
The goal is to steadily reduce the risk of recurrence in all patients. It’s not a one-size-fits-all approach. Some people may not be candidates for this therapy, and side effects vary from person to person.
Understanding Melanomas
Melanoma starts in the same cells that give your skin, hair, and eyes their color. In melanoma, cells change in ways that allow them to spread to other organs.
Changes to a mole you’ve had for a while or a new growth on your skin could be signs of melanoma, according to SurvivorNet’s experts. You’ll want to watch them and tell your doctor about any changes you notice.
WATCH: How do you perform a skin check using the ABCDEs?
SurvivorNet experts recommend avoiding unprotected sun exposure because ultraviolet (UV) radiation can increase the risk of melanoma. Tanning beds emit ultraviolet radiation that increases the risk of skin cancer and should be avoided. Many dermatologists recommend using spray tans to reduce the risk of melanoma.
The most important thing to look out for when it comes to finding melanoma is a new spot on your skin or a spot that is changing in size, shape, or color, SurvivorNet’s medical experts say.
Treatment options for melanoma include targeted therapy and immunotherapy, which give people a better chance of living a long and healthy life than ever before. If you’re diagnosed with melanoma, there’s a good chance surgery will be the treatment your doctor recommends.
Cancer removal usually leads to a cure in the early stages of the disease. After surgery, the removed tissue and lymph nodes are examined to measure the melanoma and determine if it has clear margins. Clear margins mean the cells around the area of tissue that was removed don’t contain any melanoma. When no cancer cells are left around the removed area, your cancer is less likely to return.
WATCH: Beating Aggressive Melanoma: An Immunotherapy Success Story
For melanoma patients who need additional treatment after surgery, they are likely to receive adjuvant therapy (treatments administered after surgery). Adjuvant therapy is designed to improve outcomes and decrease the risk of recurrence.
Questions to Ask Your Doctor
If you are diagnosed with skin cancer, you may have some questions for your doctor. SurvivorNet suggests the following to help you on your cancer journey.
- What type of skin cancer do I have?
- What treatment options exist for my type of melanoma?
- Will insurance cover this treatment?
- Would treatment through a clinical trial make sense for me?
- What resources exist to help manage my anxiety because of this diagnosis?
Contributing: SurvivorNet Staff
Learn more about SurvivorNet's rigorous medical review process.
